Avaliação da Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos e modelagem de um processo para elaboração de planos municipais simplificados de gestão integrada de resíduos sólidos

Abstract

In order to solve the issues caused by lack of environmental sanitation in municipalities, it was published in 2010 Federal Law No. 12,305, the National Policy on Solid Waste (PNRS). The Plan of Integrated Solid Waste Management (PGIRS) instrument made available by PNRS, is a necessary condition to raise funds for the management of solid waste. The lack of financial resources and technical capacity to draw up such plans has given rise to a lack or loss of funding for solid waste management, especially in the municipalities of up to 20 thousand inhabitants. In this sense, this study aimed to: survey the related legislation; perform evaluation and diagnosis of the implementation of PNRS; and model a process able to automate the production of PGIRS. The model consists of two modules: the first module "Database", consists of a database composed of the information on the situation of solid waste in the municipalities and validated in the consolidated annual diagnosis through the National Information System on Solid Waste Management (SINIR); the technologies tried and approved by the Research Program on Basic Sanitation (PROSAB): and the application of the Manual for PGIRS elaboration, conducted by the Ministry of Environment (MMA). This phase involved the gathering of information to supply the model of production and analysis of data on solid waste made available by government agencies, which boils down to a set of principles and conditions for the development of PGIRS, which guides the entire system; the second, "Process Information" module consists of a set of requirements and attributes to run and manage the database in practice, based on data that generate decisions and plans to determine the most appropriate technologies to the peculiarities of each municipality in addition to scale the structures necessary for the management of solid waste. This phase is designed to structure the information process for automation of preparation of PGIRS. In addition to detailing the modules present a proposal documentation structure and a set of recommendations and results expected from the implementation of the model. Once the model has applied, it may contribute to the purpose of mitigating the lack of technical and technological support for the development of PGIRS, reduce costs and make it possible for local governments to recover the ability to access to federal financial resources required to manage and management solid waste. This study evaluates and presents the causes of failure and suggest alternatives to reshape the implementation of PNRS with the obtained findings are expected to results to be considered and contribute to applications in formulation work, Monitoring and Evaluation of PublicPolicies, in addition to base for other future studies in research.