A cooperação científica e tecnológica no âmbito da cooperação Sul-Sul: um olhar na perspectiva da inserção internacional brasileira

Abstract

The present work looked for reference in the conceptual – theoretical debate about international cooperation and identified its branches for international development. As an analytical tool, it was proposed an approach according to a “priority focus” for a discussion of a strategic frame fitting potential partners profiles. This approach guided the conformance analysis of instruments, mechanisms, modalities of support and cooperation branches. The debate revision about internationalization of science and the processes of consolidation and expansion of National System of Science, Technology and Innovation – SNCTI revealed the instrumental character of “science diplomacy”. The last explain the use of scientific and technological cooperation as a support for South-South cooperation, laying down over a “solidary diplomacy”. It was observed that the Brazilian SSC use to enroll neighbors South American countries, as well emergent countries or extra-regional development nations. In the end, it was concluded that for a technical cooperation focused in the Brazilian technological transfer, it can be reinforced by triangular cooperation enrolling developed countries and last developed countries; for countries with little scientific capacity, it should count with Brazilian contribution to strength its scientific community, mainly through the academic branch; for countries with intermediary productivity, it should focus on intense and improved scientific and technological cooperation; looking for attract foreign students and the international insertion of the Brazilian scientific community; and, for the emergent countries with high level scientific productivity, it should recover the lateness in the formation, approximation and interconnection of the respective scientific communities and it should count with an strong action of “innovation diplomacy” to deep in the opportunities of scientific, technological and innovation cooperation.