1. dspace-aplicacoes

Search

 | 
Results 1-1 of 1 (Search time: 0.001 seconds).
  • previous
  • 1
  • next
Item hits:
PreviewTitleAuthor(s)???itemlist.dc.contributor.author1???Issue Date???itemlist.dc.description.resumo???
Brazil and climate change: vulnerability, impacts and adaptation-Centro de Gestão e Estudos Estratégicos (Brasil) (CGEE)2009According to the 4th report by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) "Warming of the climate system is unequivocal, as is now evident from observations of increases in global average air and oceans temperatures, widespread melting of snow and ice and rising global average sea level". The Panel's systematic analyses indicate that the increasing average global temperature of the planet will be even greater in the future and demonstrate that this warming is caused by the accumulated anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG), mainly carbon dioxide (CO2), from burning of fossil fuels, and methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O), generally derived from agricultural activities. So an increase in average global temperatures between 2 and 4.5ºC is expected by the end of the century. The subject of climate change is already part of international economic and political reality with repercussion in various fields of knowledge, and demanding scientific and technological developments and the adoption of innovations. The risks associated with the growth of climate vulnerability bring about increased commitments and corporate responsibilities with mitigation measures and adjustment of production processes and consumption patterns. The question of adaptation to climate change has become increasingly important in negotiations of the Climate Convention. Accordingly, the IPCC report indicate that the Non-Annex 1 countries (developing countries) may have more difficulty in coping with these impacts and addressing the rising costs of adaptation to climate change. Even though Brazil is not among the most vulnerable group of countries in the world, global climate change can manifest itself in the country in several areas: increased frequency and intensity of floods and droughts; agricultural losses and threats to biodiversity; changes in hydrological regimes with impacts on the hydropower capacity; increase of endemic diseases carrier, amongst other consequences. Furthermore, the increase in sea levels could affect Brazilian coastal regions, especially the seaboard cities. Brazil has already adopted many fresh initiatives assembling expertise in the matter of climate change: under the responsibility of the Ministry of Science and Technology (MCT), the launching of the Brazilian Network on Global Climate Change (RedeClima), the foundation of the National Institute for Climate Change Science and Technology (INCT - MC), and the creation of the Center of Earth Systems Science (CCST), inside the National Institute for Spatial Research (INPE); and under the responsibility of the Ministry of Environment (MMA), the statement of the National Plan on Climate Change (PNMC) at the end 2008, and the establishment of the Brazilian Panel on Climate Change, together with the MCT. These new initiatives came up to enhance the previous institutional apparatus bodies in charge of this subject, like the Inter-ministerial Commission on Global Climate Change (CIMGC), acting also as Designed National Authority (DNA), and the National (FBMC), States and Cities Climate Change Forums, with a motivation and mobilization character. To carry knowledge on this subject to a level consistent with the requirements and importance of the theme, the science and technology sector needs to enhance the integration of vulnerability and impacts research, development and innovation into the science and technology agenda, in order to be able to establish adequate criteria to build and implement adaptation strategies in a rational way, aiming to guarantee a sustainable future for the Country.